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我國無損檢測(NDT)技術與國外的主要差距

發布時間:2022-08-04 10:44:05人氣:

目前,估計我國從事無損檢測技術的人員超過35萬人,能夠提供第三方檢測的大大小小的檢測公司超過6000家; 無損檢測儀器設備年銷售總額約30億元; 培養近千名無損檢測畢業生。



   中國已成為無損檢測儀器和技術服務的巨大市場。 我國無損檢測儀器制造企業眾多,門類齊全。 可生產常規射線探傷儀、超聲波探傷儀、超聲波測厚儀、磁粉探傷儀、滲透探傷劑、渦流探傷儀和聲發射探傷儀。  %。


  我國在實時射線成像技術、超聲TOFD檢測技術、超聲相控陣檢測技術、超聲導波檢測技術等諸多新型無損檢測領域開展了技術引進、應用研究、檢測標準制定和設備研制 .  、脈沖渦流檢測技術、漏磁檢測技術、磁記憶檢測技術、聲發射檢測技術和紅外熱成像檢測技術。


  我們在通過自身的研發努力和對世界先進無損檢測技術的整合學習來提升自己,同時我們也認識到自己的不足。


  在儀器制造中


  與國外相比,我國一些先進的無損檢測儀器系統的研發和制造能力還存在較大差距。 如射線檢測CMOS實時成像板、相控陣超聲檢測系統、C掃描超聲檢測系統、超聲導波和磁致伸縮超聲導波檢測系統、油罐底部MFL檢測系統、管道MFL檢測系統和脈沖渦流 檢測系統等,國內還沒有成熟的商品機銷售,我國生產的各種履帶與國外產品差距較大。


  在標準設置


  基本標準與國外的差距主要表現在數字射線探傷、渦流探傷、聲發射探傷和紅外探傷等方面。 產品標準在各個行業過于分散,沒有完整的標準體系。


  在人才培養和資格認定方面


  國外一般都是由無損檢測學會培訓和考核,而我國開展人員培訓和資格認定的部門太多,互不承認。 結果,我國的無損檢測從業人員反復取證,浪費了大量的金錢和時間。


  在無損檢測技術服務方面


  國外已經形成了一些大型的跨國專業檢測公司,而在我國,只是近年來,特種設備行業才為一些專業無損檢測公司提供了資質證書。 抗衡的力量。


  我國新增大型項目和建設項目較多,機械制造業十分活躍。 除了對常規無損檢測儀器和技術的巨大需求外,對高科技無損檢測儀器和技術的需求也很旺盛。 因此,有必要從國外大量進口。 與國外發達國家相比,我國在先進無損檢測儀器制造、標準制定、人員資格認定、無損檢測服務等方面仍存在較大差距。 國內無損檢測同仁齊心協力。


At present, the personnel engaged in the work related to non-destructive testing technology in our country is estimated to be more than 350,000 people, there are more than 6000 large and small testing companies that can provide the third party testing; The annual sales volume of NDT equipment and equipment is about 3 billion Yuan; Every year, nearly one thousand non-destructive testing graduates are trained.

China has become a huge market for NDT instruments and technical services. There are many manufacturers of NDT instruments in China with complete categories. Can produce conventional radiographic flaw detector, ultrasonic flaw detector, ultrasonic thickness meter, magnetic powder flaw detector, penetration detection agent, eddy current detector and acoustic emission detector, equipment quality is reliable, stable performance, but the price is only 50~70% of similar foreign products.

China has carried out technology introduction, application research, testing standard formulation and equipment development in many new technologies of NDT. These new technologies include ray real-time imaging technology, ultrasonic TOFD detection technology, ultrasonic phased array detection technology, ultrasonic guided wave detection technology, pulsed eddy current detection technology, magnetic flux leakage detection technology, magnetic memory detection technology, acoustic emission detection technology and infrared thermal imaging detection technology.

We are improving ourselves through our own efforts in research and development, integration and learning with the world's advanced NDT technology, and we also recognize our own shortcomings.

In instrument manufacturing

There is still a big gap in the research and manufacturing capacity of some advanced non-destructive testing instruments systems in China compared with foreign countries. For example, there are no mature commercial machines sold in China, such as CMOS real-time imaging board for ray detection, phased array ultrasonic detection system, C-scan ultrasonic detection system, guided wave ultrasonic detection system and magnetostrictive ultrasonic guided wave detection system, magnetic flux leakage detection system of oil tank floor, magnetic flux leakage detection system of pipeline and pulsed eddy current detection system, etc. And at present there is a big gap between the crawlers made in China and foreign products.

In terms of standard setting

The gap between the basic standard and foreign standard is mainly in digital ray detection, eddy current detection, acoustic emission detection and infrared detection. Product standards each industry is too scattered, there is no complete standard system.

In terms of personnel training and accreditation

Foreign countries generally conduct training and assessment by a non-destructive testing institute. While there are many departments that carry out personnel training and qualification recognition, and each other do not recognize each other, which causes Chinese non-destructive testing personnel to repeat obtaining evidence, which wastes a lot of money and time

In nondestructive testing technical services

Foreign countries have formed some large scale multinational professional testing companies, but our country only in recent years the special equipment industry for some professional non-destructive testing companies qualification certificates, these professional non-destructive testing companies are small scale, but also do not have the strength to compete with foreign testing companies.

China there are many new large engineering and construction projects at present, machinery manufacturing industry is very active, in addition to conventional nondestructive testing instrument and has a huge demand, the high and new nondestructive testing instrument and also have strong demand of gold, so you need to import a lot of new equipment and technology from abroad, application and communication, efforts to improve the ability of scientific research and development, compared with the developed countries abroad, There is still a big gap in the manufacturing of advanced non-destructive testing instruments, standards formulation, personnel qualification and services of non-destructive testing. It is still necessary for domestic non-destructive testing colleagues to work together.


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